Epidemiology and travellers' diarrhoea

Travellers' diarrhoea: slow but steady progress.

Parasitic causes of prolonged diarrhoea in travellers - diagnosis and management.

BACKGROUND Prolonged infectious diarrhoea in the returning traveller is generally caused by protozoal and occasionally by helminth parasites. OBJECTIVE This article provides a framework for the diagnosis, management and prevention of the diseases that cause persistent diarrhoea in the traveller. DISCUSSION A large proportion of disease is caused by Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum an...

Sentinel surveillance for travellers' diarrhoea in primary care

BACKGROUND Travellers' diarrhoea is the most common health problem among international travellers and much of the burden falls on general practitioners. We assessed whether sentinel surveillance based in primary care could be used to monitor changes in the epidemiology of travellers' diarrhoea. METHODS A sentinel surveillance scheme of 30 volunteer general practices distributed throughout Wal...

Epidemiology of cholera in travellers, and conclusions for vaccination recommendations.

All cases of cholera imported to Europe and North America between 1975 and 1981 were reviewed to assess the danger of cholera for visitors to endemic areas. Data were obtained from the health authorities of the respective countries. From a total of 129 cases notified to the World Health Organisation detailed reports were obtained on 117 patients. Of these, 66 (56%) were immigrants, refugees, fr...

Epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea virus.

A better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) has emerged in recent years. Fetal infections and in particular those resulting in birth of persistently infected calves are of central importance for the epidemiology of BVDV. A prevalence of persistently infected, viraemic animals of about 1% is found in Denmark and elsewhere by examination of r...